PROCALCITONIN and DIABETES MELLITUS

1-Plasma procalcitonin and risk of type 2 diabetes in the general population

Comparative Study Diabetologia. 2011 Sep;54(9):2463-5.  Ali Abbasi et al., UNIVERSITY of CAMBRIDGE , UNITED KINGDOM

• PMID: 21674177
• DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2216-3

In type 1 and type 2 diabetics, Procalcitonin is strongly associated with development of diabetes complications.

The Procalcitonin level is elevated in individuals that later develop type 2 diabetes, Procalcitonin is elevated in type 2 diabetes and strongly associated with the development of diabetes complications.

In a British cohort of healthy individuals significantly higher Procalcitonin values were found in those, who developed type 2 diabetes¹.  Of 8,592 participants in this cohort, the procalcitonin value was missing in 677 individuals. Further exclusion was for 295 individuals with diabetes at baseline and 1,002 individuals with missing data on covariates or follow-up data on development of diabetes.

The current analyses were performed on 6,618 non-diabetic participants with complete data. During follow-up for 7.6±0.8 years (mean±SD), 385 participants developed type 2 diabetes. RESULTS; We found plasma procalcitonin to be an independent predictor of  incident type 2 diabetes in the general population.  Diabetologia (2011) 54:2463-2465. Plasma Procalcitonin and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the General Population. Ali Abbasi et al, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom;  

2-Plasma Procalcitonin is Associated with Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and the Metabolic Syndrome.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Sep;95(9):E26-31. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-0305. Epub 2010 Jun 9.

ALI ABBASI, EVA CORPELEIJN, DOUWE POSTMUS, RON T. GANSEVOORT, PAUL E. DE JONG, RIJK O. B. GANS, JOACHIM STRUCK, HANS L. HILLEGE, RONALD P. STOLK, GERJAN NAVIS, STEPHAN J. L. BAKKER 1124-P Groningen, Netherlands.  PMID: 20534760DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-0305

In conclusion, our findings based on community-based data show that higher plasma procalcitonin levels in the normal range are associated with increased measures of obesity, components of the metabolic syndrome, and greater risk of having metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Because associations only partly depend on BMI, plasma procalcitonin may serve as a new marker for adipocyte dysfunction, chronic low-grade inflammation, or both. Clin Endocrinol Metab, September 2010, 95(9):E26–E31

“Procalcitonin is an early predictive marker for complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes  and is a potent risk factor in prediction of cardiovascular, neuropathic, retinal, renal and Diabetic foot diseases”.

Procalcitonin is a protein in the blood that reflects immune activation. All human beings have a baseline level of procalcitonin that is individually determined and increases with inflammation.

High Procalcitonin levels are associated with increased inflammation, disease progression, and risk of mortality in acute and chronic diseases, and in the general population. Measuring Procalcitonin levels can thus serve as a marker to determine who can be classified into low-risk category and their chances for survival upon hospital admission. Procalcitonin can also be used for monitoring for prevention of disease progression and earlier intervention time point.  

The Procalcitonin level is elevated across diseases, and not solely associated with one specific disease. Therefore, Procalcitonin is applicable as a prognostic marker and not as a diagnostic marker. This characteristic may be utilized for risk stratification in unselected diabetic patients.

The Procalcitonin blood level is stable with no diurnal variation and no changes following fasting. It can be measured in blood, plasma, saliva, vitreus fluid, ascites fluid, and pleural fluid. The level increases and decreases with progression and improvement of a disease, respectively.

The normal Procalcitonin plasma level is below  0.028 ng/mL in healthy  individuals, and above 0.032 ng/mL in diabetic ill patients.

A low Procalcitonin level indicates a good prognosis and supports the decision to discharge the patient.

This invention COULD HELP TO TREATMENT FOR CORONA VIRUS PATIENTS . Elderly and DIABETIC PATIENTS are at higher risk from COVID-19, but their immune systems often do not respond as well to vaccines…